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[Music]

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and so this is uh some of you have might

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have seen some of these before so we did

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a series of experiments

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uh through the years

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on the mediumship so this is a recap of

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everything we've done and the latest on

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uh what we've done of the the latest is

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still

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about one year old

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and so

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we have mental experiences throughout

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the day and so one might wonder

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where do these experience come from do

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they all come from the brain or can they

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come from somewhere else

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and we conducted a survey

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on about 200 people they were all

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meditators and we ask them what you

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experience during your meditation and

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about half of them here you see in

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highlighted red

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said um

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well i experienced grave variance of

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telepathy a connection with teacher and

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guru etc

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so it doesn't mean these experiences are

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real

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but these half of the people said i had

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this at least once

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and so why study mediumship and

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channeling

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from a past psychology perspective

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and from

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my perspective i started studying that

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because it seems like the low-hanging

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fruit

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in a sense that uh

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it's easy to find mediums they're

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everywhere you go to a small city you're

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gonna have people who claim to be

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mediums

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psychics because they try to convince

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you you're very in contact with your

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disease relative

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with psychics they give you prediction

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about the future that you influence your

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behavior and you then it's hard to check

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etc with mediums it's easy

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you just ask them what do you see and

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they try to convince you and also the

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experiments can be

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done blinded also these involve extreme

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emotion

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usually associated with death and

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if you look at anecdotal reports

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this usually

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association with there for extreme

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emotion is when people

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report uh upon normal experience at

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least that's um

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one of the main case where they do

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report this experience also before we

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started about 10 years ago we also there

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was two reputable studies

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already published on the subject

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which you probably heard about from gary

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schwartz and

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and

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at kelly at uva

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and here the hypothesis is relatively

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simple

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it's not so much do spirits exist you

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survive after body death

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is it's more is very abnormal

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phenomena

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and we can discuss at length whether

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this is just super psy or some form of

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telepathy or whether

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this is

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survival of consciousness at ions we

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complex channeling research program

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where

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we investigate channeling and mediumship

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from different

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perspective like is the content useful

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uh what's literature review what do we

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know

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uh

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what's are the characteristics of

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channeling what do people experience

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when they do channing

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how does it work

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what makes the channel a channel and can

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we verify the information so here it's

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we're really going to look at this

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specific uh um

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cell

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but we do actually study all of them and

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we have paper in all these areas so if

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and so i'm going to show you three

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experiments we've been throughout

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the years this one is already about

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seven year old

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this we did in collaboration with jury

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by shaw from the windbridge institute we

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just asked medium to come to the lab and

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we asked them uh 25 questions

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so we

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so it was double-blinded

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in a sense that the person was asking

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the question didn't even know

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that this is relative and the only thing

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they told the medium

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was can you can you tell me something

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about john

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and then there was somebody that wanted

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the reading about john

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and so it started about the meditation

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and then they connect with the this is

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individual and then we ask them

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questions

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it's about their hair color your habits

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and then what we also did is

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we

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for each of the people that wanted a

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reading so we sent them the reading that

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was meant for them and then we sent them

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what we call a decoy reading

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in which the reading was meant for

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someone else

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and we looked at the difference between

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their rating of the target versus the

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decoy

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for example you might have

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someone who is

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very gullible and they are going to say

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oh yeah this is i'm in contact with my

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disease relative so the advantage of

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using of comparing people's response on

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the target and decoy is that is very

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very is very very um

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positive about the experience they're

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going to be positive throughout for both

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the target and the decoys so we can just

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subtract the two and what we saw is that

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all the mediums

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scored higher for the target than uh for

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the decoy when raided by the people who

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wanted the reading

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now what's interesting is that we also

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recorded their brain waves

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and so

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this is how brainwave looked like and

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then we look at different frequencies

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so for example

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this is how we represent brain waves and

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the amplitude here are different the

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dots represent scalp channels

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and so this is like an elevation map and

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when we look at it from the top this is

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why it looks like and this is for every

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single frequency

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and so here for example it's for that

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oscillation that's it's alpha and so

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when it's blue it means the low

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amplitude when it's red means high

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amplitude and when it's green in the

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middle is medium amplitude and this is

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the way we present our eg data

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then we can also project it on the

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and so what we found interesting is that

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we took all the questions and then we

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looked at the brain activity of the

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medium before right before we answered

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the question

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and we divided their brain activity into

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two classes

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the question on which they they were

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correct and the question on which were

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not correct so high performance twisters

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low performance and we found a

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difference this is for one of the medium

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in a region here which is called which

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we call frontal midline theta

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we also uh this is a 3d representation

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so this is a significant difference here

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so this is the frontal midline theta

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region

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and this is linked with memory

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activation so our interpretation of this

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data is that the mediums were shutting

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down their working memory

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and so maybe they are more receptive to

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the outside

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and this is just a 3d representation

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showing

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this is the same scale topography except

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in 3d what we also did is that instead

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of just using lower performance high

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performance

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we try to see does it still work with

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low performance medium performance and

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high performance

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and we seem to we seem to have a

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gradient

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uh

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in

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the correspondence between spectral

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power so the activity in this area

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and

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the accuracy of the response even when

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we divide it in free and we couldn't

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really divide further because we only

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in this first experiment we also

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compared free mental states so we asked

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mediums please connect with this is

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relative so that's the mediumship case

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or please do uh recall so just remember

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somebody you know or do perception in

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the sense that you're just listening to

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a story somebody's reading

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or you do fabrication you just make up

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somebody so there are four different

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mental states and we ask them to

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alternate for one minute each so first

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medium

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here the order is random

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but the first this started with block of

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mediumship then the block of recall for

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one minute then perception for one

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minute fabrication and then we repeat

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that three times

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and what we found i'm going to go real

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quick on these ones because it's a

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complex slide to

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explain it's explained in the paper but

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what we found basically is that we found

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some differences between these different

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mental states

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and the interpretation is that

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these are indeed different mental states

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uh most people who believe that these

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states are not real would say oh they're

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just making up something so here we

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showed well the brain activation when

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you make up something is different than

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the brain activation when you're in

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mediumship so this is likely to be a

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different mental state

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[Music]

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and we published a scientific report in

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the frontier of psychology which got a

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lot of attention uh here it was in the

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the second percentile of uh all the

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article uh certain five percent most

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viewed article on this journal frontier

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so this was the first one and this

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experience was hard to do the first one

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because we only had 25 questions

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and for eeg you need a lot of data so

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you need a lot of data points

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so in this second one we thought well

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we can just show them pictures and then

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ask them a simple question and we're

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just not going to show them like a

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couple of pictures we're going to show

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them hundreds of pictures

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and so that's

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what we did so we had 12 professional

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mediums they came to the lab they saw

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400 pictures each and each picture were

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either showing somebody that was

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deceased or somebody that was still

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alive

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and we collected the brainwaves

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we also uh

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we also

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spent considerable effort to

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normalize the image in which we centered

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them so we had the software where we

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selected data points the ears the top of

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the head and the chin

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then we reframed the picture converted

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to black and white and then we had the

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different software

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where we indicated whether this person

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was smiling or not

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and then we had three judges uh we would

290
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write whether the person was smiling the

291
00:11:09,030 --> 00:11:06,640
person was not smiling and eventually so

292
00:11:09,990 --> 00:11:09,040
here's just one 100 photo but this 200

293
00:11:12,230 --> 00:11:10,000
of each

294
00:11:14,389 --> 00:11:12,240
really we had the database of people

295
00:11:16,389 --> 00:11:14,399
people were live and people were

296
00:11:17,430 --> 00:11:16,399
uh deceased

297
00:11:20,310 --> 00:11:17,440
um

298
00:11:23,110 --> 00:11:20,320
and in this database there were as many

299
00:11:25,590 --> 00:11:23,120
people smiling in the alive category as

300
00:11:29,910 --> 00:11:25,600
people smiling in the disease category

301
00:11:36,550 --> 00:11:30,710
so

302
00:11:42,949 --> 00:11:38,949
this is a demo of the version

303
00:11:44,790 --> 00:11:42,959
running which asks you for information

304
00:11:47,590 --> 00:11:44,800
so the first step with this was online

305
00:11:49,350 --> 00:11:47,600
then we try with 12 mediums

306
00:11:51,350 --> 00:11:49,360
and um

307
00:11:52,870 --> 00:11:51,360
you have to indicate whether your medium

308
00:11:57,110 --> 00:11:52,880
or not then it's going to load the

309
00:12:01,990 --> 00:11:59,190
and then you're going to have to answer

310
00:12:07,430 --> 00:12:02,000
whether you think the person shown is

311
00:12:11,910 --> 00:12:09,670
so this is the person this is a movie a

312
00:12:13,910 --> 00:12:11,920
person doing the video

313
00:12:15,829 --> 00:12:13,920
so you see it can go pretty fast here

314
00:12:17,829 --> 00:12:15,839
they have 200 pictures so we used 200

315
00:12:19,190 --> 00:12:17,839
pictures online and 400 pictures in the

316
00:12:20,790 --> 00:12:19,200
lab

317
00:12:22,790 --> 00:12:20,800
some pictures were relatively low

318
00:12:24,790 --> 00:12:22,800
resolution but we again we made sure

319
00:12:26,870 --> 00:12:24,800
that the picture was the same

320
00:12:28,069 --> 00:12:26,880
resolution in the alive or this is

321
00:12:31,590 --> 00:12:28,079
category

322
00:12:35,430 --> 00:12:31,600
so after you get to 200 pictures you

323
00:12:37,829 --> 00:12:35,440
you're ready to finish 198 199

324
00:12:40,870 --> 00:12:37,839
200 and then you get some feedback about

325
00:12:47,670 --> 00:12:42,790
and it tells you if you're able to

326
00:12:52,389 --> 00:12:51,190
this is a result in the lab on the 100

327
00:12:55,030 --> 00:12:52,399
participants

328
00:12:57,590 --> 00:12:55,040
and so we found an effect that was above

329
00:13:00,069 --> 00:12:57,600
chance expectation significant but

330
00:13:03,030 --> 00:13:00,079
rarely about barely above chance you see

331
00:13:05,590 --> 00:13:03,040
chances 50 we're at 51

332
00:13:07,030 --> 00:13:05,600
we also had a robot that was randomly

333
00:13:09,590 --> 00:13:07,040
clicking

334
00:13:11,829 --> 00:13:09,600
uh it wasn't a real robot obviously it

335
00:13:13,910 --> 00:13:11,839
was just a software that was making

336
00:13:16,949 --> 00:13:13,920
random choices on the website

337
00:13:19,190 --> 00:13:16,959
and this one was a chance expectation so

338
00:13:21,750 --> 00:13:19,200
this was promising and this is the

339
00:13:23,990 --> 00:13:21,760
result in the lab with the 12 mediums

340
00:13:25,910 --> 00:13:24,000
and you can see that all of them were

341
00:13:29,590 --> 00:13:25,920
evolved

342
00:13:34,069 --> 00:13:29,600
chance level except two s1 and s s11 and

343
00:13:35,829 --> 00:13:34,079
s12 were about 49 out of 50. so the

344
00:13:38,629 --> 00:13:35,839
likelihood they would all be above

345
00:13:41,509 --> 00:13:38,639
chance expectation is is relatively low

346
00:13:46,790 --> 00:13:43,910
then we studied their brainwaves and we

347
00:13:48,310 --> 00:13:46,800
found um early brain waves so about 100

348
00:13:51,269 --> 00:13:48,320
milliseconds after presentation so

349
00:13:53,509 --> 00:13:51,279
that's about one tenth of a second

350
00:13:56,870 --> 00:13:53,519
uh and the difference between correct

351
00:13:59,670 --> 00:13:56,880
and incorrect response for the deceased

352
00:14:01,189 --> 00:13:59,680
uh individual and we localize that in

353
00:14:02,949 --> 00:14:01,199
this uh

354
00:14:04,150 --> 00:14:02,959
parental

355
00:14:06,150 --> 00:14:04,160
area

356
00:14:07,990 --> 00:14:06,160
and i'm not going to enter the detail of

357
00:14:10,230 --> 00:14:08,000
the interpretation

358
00:14:13,590 --> 00:14:10,240
we were expecting this difference much

359
00:14:15,350 --> 00:14:13,600
later which would be meaning

360
00:14:17,670 --> 00:14:15,360
which would indicate that the person has

361
00:14:19,750 --> 00:14:17,680
consciously perceived the pictures and

362
00:14:21,350 --> 00:14:19,760
made a meaningful choice

363
00:14:24,870 --> 00:14:21,360
here this difference

364
00:14:26,389 --> 00:14:24,880
if it is reproducible

365
00:14:29,590 --> 00:14:26,399
represents very

366
00:14:31,269 --> 00:14:29,600
early visual processing

367
00:14:35,509 --> 00:14:31,279
about 100 milliseconds so totally

368
00:14:39,990 --> 00:14:37,189
and uh

369
00:14:42,150 --> 00:14:40,000
we published this paper and they were

370
00:14:45,189 --> 00:14:42,160
resistance in the field in the sense

371
00:14:47,910 --> 00:14:45,199
that even after it was published

372
00:14:50,150 --> 00:14:47,920
uh it was retracted

373
00:14:54,069 --> 00:14:50,160
for no apparent reason

374
00:14:55,670 --> 00:14:54,079
uh so we we we fought hard to know why

375
00:14:58,710 --> 00:14:55,680
they would retract it

376
00:15:01,030 --> 00:14:58,720
and you know that they give us a reason

377
00:15:03,030 --> 00:15:01,040
uh we were even um

378
00:15:05,030 --> 00:15:03,040
planning on taking legal action because

379
00:15:07,030 --> 00:15:05,040
we paid to get it published uh

380
00:15:09,189 --> 00:15:07,040
eventually they reimbursed us everything

381
00:15:12,949 --> 00:15:09,199
uh but it was still retracted

382
00:15:15,590 --> 00:15:12,959
uh so we republished it a second time in

383
00:15:19,110 --> 00:15:15,600
explore in the second one we also added

384
00:15:24,069 --> 00:15:21,590
machine learning

385
00:15:26,389 --> 00:15:24,079
analysis showing that

386
00:15:27,990 --> 00:15:26,399
machine learning couldn't figure out the

387
00:15:31,990 --> 00:15:28,000
the right

388
00:15:35,590 --> 00:15:33,350
so um

389
00:15:37,829 --> 00:15:35,600
one problem with the previous experiment

390
00:15:40,629 --> 00:15:37,839
was also that um

391
00:15:42,470 --> 00:15:40,639
it's very hard to figure out to to

392
00:15:44,150 --> 00:15:42,480
maintain this database because

393
00:15:45,749 --> 00:15:44,160
unfortunately people

394
00:15:48,710 --> 00:15:45,759
die all the time

395
00:15:49,990 --> 00:15:48,720
so you have to update the database

396
00:15:52,230 --> 00:15:50,000
and the people who choose to include

397
00:15:54,470 --> 00:15:52,240
where tv also have to be alive half

398
00:15:56,790 --> 00:15:54,480
would be deceased and also we can never

399
00:15:59,670 --> 00:15:56,800
be sure hundred percent that the people

400
00:16:01,829 --> 00:15:59,680
are deceased so we changed the database

401
00:16:04,470 --> 00:16:01,839
and here we asked the medium

402
00:16:06,870 --> 00:16:04,480
can you figure out the cause of death

403
00:16:08,790 --> 00:16:06,880
did this person had a heart attack was

404
00:16:10,150 --> 00:16:08,800
there very car accident and was their

405
00:16:11,829 --> 00:16:10,160
shot was

406
00:16:15,189 --> 00:16:11,839
where they're shot

407
00:16:19,350 --> 00:16:15,199
and the reason we did this it is uh

408
00:16:21,590 --> 00:16:19,360
when we had medium in in the lab

409
00:16:23,910 --> 00:16:21,600
some of them said oh some clients they

410
00:16:26,310 --> 00:16:23,920
come with us with pictures from the war

411
00:16:28,790 --> 00:16:26,320
and then we can experience how each you

412
00:16:31,189 --> 00:16:28,800
know what happened with each person

413
00:16:33,670 --> 00:16:31,199
so uh this is one reason why you did

414
00:16:35,269 --> 00:16:33,680
this experiment and i'm just going i'm

415
00:16:37,509 --> 00:16:35,279
going to do it with you here real quick

416
00:16:39,749 --> 00:16:37,519
there's going to be six images and so

417
00:16:42,550 --> 00:16:39,759
you can try to guess

418
00:16:45,910 --> 00:16:42,560
if this person died of a heart attack

419
00:16:48,310 --> 00:16:45,920
a car accident or was shot

420
00:16:50,389 --> 00:16:48,320
usually when we do that on zoom

421
00:16:52,710 --> 00:16:50,399
we allow people to vote there's a voting

422
00:16:55,030 --> 00:16:52,720
mechanism on zoom and then we report the

423
00:16:57,590 --> 00:16:55,040
result but here we didn't plan it so

424
00:17:00,470 --> 00:16:57,600
we're not going to do that

425
00:17:05,110 --> 00:17:00,480
so first person

426
00:17:11,429 --> 00:17:05,120
car accident heart attack or shot

427
00:17:11,439 --> 00:17:17,189
third person

428
00:17:17,199 --> 00:17:22,949
fourth person

429
00:17:22,959 --> 00:17:27,110
fifth person

430
00:17:37,350 --> 00:17:28,870
and

431
00:17:44,310 --> 00:17:39,669
you know

432
00:17:49,750 --> 00:17:48,549
so this was this this was the result

433
00:17:55,510 --> 00:17:49,760
so

434
00:17:57,270 --> 00:17:55,520
that people

435
00:17:58,310 --> 00:17:57,280
in the heart attack category were not

436
00:18:00,230 --> 00:17:58,320
obese

437
00:18:02,549 --> 00:18:00,240
we obviously had many more of these

438
00:18:05,110 --> 00:18:02,559
people in the heart attack category than

439
00:18:07,190 --> 00:18:05,120
in the auto crashing homicide but we

440
00:18:09,110 --> 00:18:07,200
made sure to balance the category in the

441
00:18:11,510 --> 00:18:09,120
sense there was no more obese people in

442
00:18:14,230 --> 00:18:11,520
the heart attack versus auto crash and

443
00:18:16,710 --> 00:18:14,240
homicide

444
00:18:19,750 --> 00:18:16,720
so this is mediumship free and here we

445
00:18:22,549 --> 00:18:19,760
had 12 mediums and 12 controls

446
00:18:24,710 --> 00:18:22,559
because one criticism of our previous

447
00:18:26,390 --> 00:18:24,720
experiment is that

448
00:18:28,310 --> 00:18:26,400
people say well you haven't demonstrated

449
00:18:30,549 --> 00:18:28,320
that mediums are doing better than

450
00:18:32,310 --> 00:18:30,559
controls so we wanted to include

451
00:18:34,230 --> 00:18:32,320
controls as well

452
00:18:35,750 --> 00:18:34,240
and the controls we recruited on

453
00:18:36,630 --> 00:18:35,760
craigslist

454
00:18:38,470 --> 00:18:36,640
uh

455
00:18:40,549 --> 00:18:38,480
asking people if they had any experience

456
00:18:43,110 --> 00:18:40,559
in mediumship and they said no and the

457
00:18:45,190 --> 00:18:43,120
mediums were they were professional

458
00:18:46,150 --> 00:18:45,200
uh mediums from the san francisco bay

459
00:18:48,470 --> 00:18:46,160
area

460
00:18:50,710 --> 00:18:48,480
and they saw 200 about 200 pictures from

461
00:18:53,190 --> 00:18:50,720
free tech categories and we also

462
00:18:55,029 --> 00:18:53,200
connected their brainwave

463
00:18:58,390 --> 00:18:55,039
with an upgraded

464
00:19:00,470 --> 00:18:58,400
system that's shown here

465
00:19:01,590 --> 00:19:00,480
and these are the results

466
00:19:04,310 --> 00:19:01,600
uh

467
00:19:06,390 --> 00:19:04,320
where chan chance here is is because

468
00:19:08,630 --> 00:19:06,400
there's three categories of image so

469
00:19:11,830 --> 00:19:08,640
it's about 70 percent

470
00:19:14,310 --> 00:19:11,840
and so you see actually the non-mediums

471
00:19:17,029 --> 00:19:14,320
are not doing as well as the uh are

472
00:19:19,590 --> 00:19:17,039
doing better than the medium when we

473
00:19:21,990 --> 00:19:19,600
take everybody together

474
00:19:24,710 --> 00:19:22,000
to all the mediums and non-mediums we

475
00:19:28,549 --> 00:19:24,720
have observations in one of 41s which

476
00:19:30,230 --> 00:19:28,559
give a p-value of 0.02 to tail

477
00:19:32,150 --> 00:19:30,240
and it's more significant when we just

478
00:19:34,230 --> 00:19:32,160
take non-mediums and but it's not

479
00:19:36,230 --> 00:19:34,240
significant when we just take the

480
00:19:37,270 --> 00:19:36,240
mediums

481
00:19:39,110 --> 00:19:37,280
and

482
00:19:41,110 --> 00:19:39,120
there's many interpretation

483
00:19:42,789 --> 00:19:41,120
why this might be the case

484
00:19:45,190 --> 00:19:42,799
um

485
00:19:46,390 --> 00:19:45,200
uh one of them was that we thought

486
00:19:49,430 --> 00:19:46,400
mediums were

487
00:19:50,950 --> 00:19:49,440
you know maybe having um performance

488
00:19:52,950 --> 00:19:50,960
anxiety

489
00:19:53,669 --> 00:19:52,960
or you know you could argue maybe this

490
00:19:57,990 --> 00:19:53,679
is

491
00:19:59,510 --> 00:19:58,000
uh oddities and it might not reproduce

492
00:20:01,029 --> 00:19:59,520
or reproduce

493
00:20:02,950 --> 00:20:01,039
um

494
00:20:05,590 --> 00:20:02,960
we also look at the brainwaves and we

495
00:20:08,070 --> 00:20:05,600
saw interesting difference so we didn't

496
00:20:10,789 --> 00:20:08,080
see any difference between so we looked

497
00:20:12,390 --> 00:20:10,799
at two main peaks one early one which

498
00:20:14,950 --> 00:20:12,400
was similar to the one we did in the

499
00:20:18,870 --> 00:20:14,960
previous experiment and one later one

500
00:20:20,310 --> 00:20:18,880
between two and 400 milliseconds

501
00:20:21,590 --> 00:20:20,320
we had different categories so we

502
00:20:25,350 --> 00:20:21,600
couldn't really

503
00:20:27,750 --> 00:20:25,360
try to exactly reproduce uh the peak we

504
00:20:29,909 --> 00:20:27,760
observed in the previous experiment

505
00:20:32,070 --> 00:20:29,919
but uh at this latency which is the

506
00:20:33,990 --> 00:20:32,080
latency at which we observed the peak in

507
00:20:35,830 --> 00:20:34,000
the previous experiment we saw no

508
00:20:37,909 --> 00:20:35,840
significant difference

509
00:20:40,630 --> 00:20:37,919
we saw a strong difference in the brain

510
00:20:43,029 --> 00:20:40,640
of controls versus mediums

511
00:20:45,110 --> 00:20:43,039
also mediums were taking much longer to

512
00:20:46,710 --> 00:20:45,120
respond so maybe they were overthinking

513
00:20:48,870 --> 00:20:46,720
the response they were taking about one

514
00:20:51,909 --> 00:20:48,880
second longer

515
00:20:55,909 --> 00:20:54,149
so we published these results in uh

516
00:20:58,390 --> 00:20:55,919
journal brain

517
00:20:59,510 --> 00:20:58,400
and cognition and it has already gotten

518
00:21:01,669 --> 00:20:59,520
some

519
00:21:02,630 --> 00:21:01,679
attention so this is the summary of our

520
00:21:04,149 --> 00:21:02,640
effort

521
00:21:05,990 --> 00:21:04,159
on medium shim

522
00:21:09,190 --> 00:21:06,000
accuracy

523
00:21:11,669 --> 00:21:09,200
at ions and um

524
00:21:13,909 --> 00:21:11,679
yeah that's the that's the

525
00:21:18,070 --> 00:21:13,919
that's the gist of it and the end of my

526
00:21:22,470 --> 00:21:20,470
thank you rno

527
00:21:24,070 --> 00:21:22,480
so i'll take a look at the questions now

528
00:21:27,510 --> 00:21:24,080
so and if anybody has any other

529
00:21:30,390 --> 00:21:27,520
questions please put them in the chat

530
00:21:32,470 --> 00:21:30,400
let me go back up here

531
00:21:34,070 --> 00:21:32,480
and see all right so

532
00:21:36,310 --> 00:21:34,080
one question came in and i guess when

533
00:21:38,630 --> 00:21:36,320
the meetings were making a choice

534
00:21:40,950 --> 00:21:38,640
did they have only eight seconds that's

535
00:21:43,350 --> 00:21:40,960
compared to like it's the online

536
00:21:46,070 --> 00:21:43,360
version

537
00:21:47,110 --> 00:21:46,080
yeah so uh so the time they had to

538
00:21:48,630 --> 00:21:47,120
answer

539
00:21:52,070 --> 00:21:48,640
uh

540
00:21:54,230 --> 00:21:52,080
so in in some pilots we only gave them

541
00:21:57,590 --> 00:21:54,240
five seconds and it wasn't enough

542
00:21:59,590 --> 00:21:57,600
and then we increased it to 10 seconds

543
00:22:01,510 --> 00:21:59,600
and then it was moving on to the next

544
00:22:03,270 --> 00:22:01,520
picture if the people was a

545
00:22:05,270 --> 00:22:03,280
person who was imitating too much i

546
00:22:06,870 --> 00:22:05,280
don't know if it was 10 or 15 seconds

547
00:22:09,510 --> 00:22:06,880
but we made it much longer because

548
00:22:11,990 --> 00:22:09,520
medium complaint

549
00:22:13,909 --> 00:22:12,000
was is too short

550
00:22:15,750 --> 00:22:13,919
obviously we it was just during the

551
00:22:16,950 --> 00:22:15,760
pilot during the experiment everybody

552
00:22:19,029 --> 00:22:16,960
had the same

553
00:22:21,750 --> 00:22:19,039
uh experience

554
00:22:24,630 --> 00:22:21,760
so yeah there is the question how long

555
00:22:27,270 --> 00:22:24,640
you know is good enough at the

556
00:22:29,029 --> 00:22:27,280
our main concern here is that if we show

557
00:22:31,430 --> 00:22:29,039
the image too long

558
00:22:33,350 --> 00:22:31,440
uh we won't be able to show as many

559
00:22:35,909 --> 00:22:33,360
images and we really

560
00:22:37,510 --> 00:22:35,919
the main reason we did it with images is

561
00:22:39,830 --> 00:22:37,520
uh

562
00:22:42,390 --> 00:22:39,840
we wanted the statistical power so we

563
00:22:45,110 --> 00:22:42,400
wanted to use a lot of images

564
00:22:48,230 --> 00:22:45,120
this way we could run some some powerful

565
00:22:50,789 --> 00:22:48,240
statistics like if you have five images

566
00:22:53,270 --> 00:22:50,799
with low numbers there's always a chance

567
00:22:54,390 --> 00:22:53,280
that people will guess all five

568
00:22:56,230 --> 00:22:54,400
correctly

569
00:22:58,549 --> 00:22:56,240
but if you have

570
00:23:01,510 --> 00:22:58,559
400 images it's very unlikely they're

571
00:23:02,710 --> 00:23:01,520
going to guess the 400

572
00:23:04,310 --> 00:23:02,720
perfectly

573
00:23:05,990 --> 00:23:04,320
so

574
00:23:07,510 --> 00:23:06,000
do the mediums

575
00:23:09,990 --> 00:23:07,520
say anything about

576
00:23:11,590 --> 00:23:10,000
the photographic test versus

577
00:23:13,029 --> 00:23:11,600
actually trying to connect with them so

578
00:23:15,430 --> 00:23:13,039
in other words

579
00:23:17,350 --> 00:23:15,440
i've known mediums who could not tell

580
00:23:18,630 --> 00:23:17,360
from a photograph necessarily unless

581
00:23:21,750 --> 00:23:18,640
they spend a little time trying to

582
00:23:24,549 --> 00:23:21,760
connect with that person

583
00:23:26,470 --> 00:23:24,559
yeah we tried to connect medium to

584
00:23:28,630 --> 00:23:26,480
collect data from medium we said they

585
00:23:30,390 --> 00:23:28,640
could do that based on photographs and

586
00:23:32,710 --> 00:23:30,400
most of them reported connecting with

587
00:23:33,830 --> 00:23:32,720
the person and afterwards

588
00:23:37,510 --> 00:23:33,840
reporting

589
00:23:39,750 --> 00:23:37,520
the problem that might be uh in in the

590
00:23:42,149 --> 00:23:39,760
later experiments so in the first you

591
00:23:45,830 --> 00:23:42,159
know where we asked the cause of

592
00:23:47,750 --> 00:23:45,840
of uh of death they they said oh i feel

593
00:23:51,430 --> 00:23:47,760
you know i feel something

594
00:23:54,310 --> 00:23:51,440
in in my chest you know well you know

595
00:23:57,190 --> 00:23:54,320
could be heart attack could be a gunshot

596
00:23:59,350 --> 00:23:57,200
could be a car accident right right

597
00:24:01,990 --> 00:23:59,360
so yeah so

598
00:24:04,789 --> 00:24:02,000
so maybe you know the categories with

599
00:24:07,350 --> 00:24:04,799
shoes were not ideal

600
00:24:08,950 --> 00:24:07,360
in that sense but also

601
00:24:11,430 --> 00:24:08,960
we do what we could

602
00:24:13,430 --> 00:24:11,440
we had a very good

603
00:24:16,230 --> 00:24:13,440
database

604
00:24:20,149 --> 00:24:17,190
you know

605
00:24:21,750 --> 00:24:20,159
public servant policeman who served and

606
00:24:24,310 --> 00:24:21,760
and uh

607
00:24:26,950 --> 00:24:24,320
died in the written service

608
00:24:28,390 --> 00:24:26,960
and so they set up a database and of

609
00:24:30,630 --> 00:24:28,400
course we haven't released any of this

610
00:24:33,029 --> 00:24:30,640
publicly so i mean we completely respect

611
00:24:34,390 --> 00:24:33,039
you know his his officers

612
00:24:36,070 --> 00:24:34,400
and um

613
00:24:37,830 --> 00:24:36,080
but it's very detailed you know

614
00:24:40,549 --> 00:24:37,840
everything that happened

615
00:24:43,190 --> 00:24:40,559
um unfortunately

616
00:24:44,950 --> 00:24:43,200
very very few or you know fortunately

617
00:24:47,350 --> 00:24:44,960
for the officers there are very few

618
00:24:49,029 --> 00:24:47,360
death outside of these three categories

619
00:24:50,149 --> 00:24:49,039
there's a few people that died of

620
00:24:51,830 --> 00:24:50,159
drowning

621
00:24:52,630 --> 00:24:51,840
or but

622
00:24:54,230 --> 00:24:52,640
yeah

623
00:24:56,710 --> 00:24:54,240
other than that it's

624
00:24:58,470 --> 00:24:56,720
there was just a few people in each

625
00:25:00,789 --> 00:24:58,480
category so these were the only one

626
00:25:01,669 --> 00:25:00,799
where we could get image even though we

627
00:25:04,549 --> 00:25:01,679
had

628
00:25:08,070 --> 00:25:04,559
uh

629
00:25:10,549 --> 00:25:08,080
20 000 officers in the database

630
00:25:12,549 --> 00:25:10,559
we could only get you know once we did

631
00:25:14,950 --> 00:25:12,559
our stringent

632
00:25:16,950 --> 00:25:14,960
image selection like we don't want any

633
00:25:19,190 --> 00:25:16,960
hat we didn't want any of

634
00:25:20,549 --> 00:25:19,200
these things we wanted to balance

635
00:25:28,470 --> 00:25:20,559
the

636
00:25:30,149 --> 00:25:28,480
learning something i didn't show here

637
00:25:32,710 --> 00:25:30,159
and um

638
00:25:35,110 --> 00:25:32,720
on all the characteristics we collected

639
00:25:37,590 --> 00:25:35,120
and and this system this artificial

640
00:25:39,430 --> 00:25:37,600
intelligence system was not able to

641
00:25:41,510 --> 00:25:39,440
tell between the different

642
00:25:45,110 --> 00:25:41,520
categories

643
00:25:47,029 --> 00:25:45,120
so yeah we we did what we could

644
00:25:49,190 --> 00:25:47,039
all right so here's a question actually

645
00:25:51,669 --> 00:25:49,200
two-part question uh why is the chance

646
00:25:54,789 --> 00:25:51,679
rate hit chance hit rate two out of

647
00:25:56,950 --> 00:25:54,799
three rather than one out of three

648
00:25:58,710 --> 00:25:56,960
yeah it depends how you look at it

649
00:26:00,789 --> 00:25:58,720
i mean you know it's it's two out of

650
00:26:03,269 --> 00:26:00,799
three of making a mistake or one out of

651
00:26:05,029 --> 00:26:03,279
three of being correct so yeah it's it's

652
00:26:06,470 --> 00:26:05,039
the same

653
00:26:08,789 --> 00:26:06,480
okay and the second part is if you can

654
00:26:10,310 --> 00:26:08,799
define a chance hit rate why don't you

655
00:26:12,870 --> 00:26:10,320
capitalize on the difference between the

656
00:26:15,830 --> 00:26:12,880
hit rate and chance rather than the

657
00:26:17,990 --> 00:26:15,840
difference between mediums and controls

658
00:26:19,590 --> 00:26:18,000
yeah we did both so we looked at

659
00:26:22,870 --> 00:26:19,600
everybody together

660
00:26:25,350 --> 00:26:22,880
you know rv above chance expectation

661
00:26:28,149 --> 00:26:25,360
or we look also at

662
00:26:30,630 --> 00:26:28,159
medium versus control or we look our

663
00:26:33,190 --> 00:26:30,640
mediums above chance expectation or

664
00:26:34,549 --> 00:26:33,200
control both chances expectation so we

665
00:26:36,830 --> 00:26:34,559
did all of these

666
00:26:39,430 --> 00:26:36,840
possible

667
00:26:41,750 --> 00:26:39,440
analysis and the take-home message is

668
00:26:44,070 --> 00:26:41,760
that when we take all the

669
00:26:45,750 --> 00:26:44,080
all the people we tested that we group

670
00:26:48,789 --> 00:26:45,760
them together

671
00:26:51,269 --> 00:26:48,799
uh we do find significant results

672
00:26:54,390 --> 00:26:51,279
although i mean it's only your p equals

673
00:26:57,430 --> 00:26:54,400
0.02 but for psychology this is still

674
00:27:00,149 --> 00:26:57,440
very relevant when we take the medium

675
00:27:02,549 --> 00:27:00,159
only it's not significant

676
00:27:06,070 --> 00:27:02,559
but and but when we take there's a small

677
00:27:09,110 --> 00:27:06,080
triangle when we take the

678
00:27:11,350 --> 00:27:09,120
control already it's very significant

679
00:27:13,510 --> 00:27:11,360
so this is a comment on that if the

680
00:27:16,070 --> 00:27:13,520
non-mediums the control people were

681
00:27:18,710 --> 00:27:16,080
psychic they might have had just as good

682
00:27:20,630 --> 00:27:18,720
or better scores in the mediums

683
00:27:22,070 --> 00:27:20,640
yeah and that's always you know how can

684
00:27:24,149 --> 00:27:22,080
you find

685
00:27:26,870 --> 00:27:24,159
uh you know people were

686
00:27:28,710 --> 00:27:26,880
uh not psychic actually we have

687
00:27:30,789 --> 00:27:28,720
encountered this problem not in this

688
00:27:34,789 --> 00:27:30,799
specifically in this experiment in other

689
00:27:36,149 --> 00:27:34,799
experiments where we were

690
00:27:38,710 --> 00:27:36,159
recruiting

691
00:27:41,190 --> 00:27:38,720
uh people we never had experiment and we

692
00:27:42,310 --> 00:27:41,200
had such a hard time because everybody

693
00:27:45,190 --> 00:27:42,320
has had

694
00:27:46,710 --> 00:27:45,200
you know at least once uh these these

695
00:27:49,190 --> 00:27:46,720
experiments so

696
00:27:53,350 --> 00:27:49,200
it's very hard to find people who never

697
00:27:55,350 --> 00:27:53,360
had this experiment this experience

698
00:27:57,830 --> 00:27:55,360
all right uh were there any differences

699
00:27:59,750 --> 00:27:57,840
in the dmn between

700
00:28:03,909 --> 00:27:59,760
mediums and controls

701
00:28:07,750 --> 00:28:06,470
so the dmn is more

702
00:28:09,990 --> 00:28:07,760
linked and

703
00:28:12,470 --> 00:28:10,000
so

704
00:28:16,070 --> 00:28:12,480
we didn't look at the dmn

705
00:28:17,590 --> 00:28:16,080
i'm not sure it was it would be relevant

706
00:28:20,389 --> 00:28:17,600
here

707
00:28:22,630 --> 00:28:20,399
it's for congress versus non-congregant

708
00:28:24,389 --> 00:28:22,640
i hear everything is congruent

709
00:28:26,149 --> 00:28:24,399
in the sense we just ask them a question

710
00:28:29,510 --> 00:28:26,159
it's just a simple

711
00:28:32,870 --> 00:28:29,520
categorization categorization task

712
00:28:34,630 --> 00:28:32,880
so yeah i don't think that um

713
00:28:35,669 --> 00:28:34,640
yeah this i don't think this was

714
00:28:37,990 --> 00:28:35,679
relevant

715
00:28:39,350 --> 00:28:38,000
to this uh specific

716
00:28:40,870 --> 00:28:39,360
experiment

717
00:28:43,669 --> 00:28:40,880
okay

718
00:28:46,549 --> 00:28:43,679
on the alive yeah what i wanted to say

719
00:28:48,710 --> 00:28:46,559
as well is that we did look

720
00:28:51,269 --> 00:28:48,720
uh you know so we had

721
00:28:53,430 --> 00:28:51,279
so we had overall it was it was

722
00:28:56,630 --> 00:28:53,440
significant and so we did look well is

723
00:28:57,430 --> 00:28:56,640
it more the image of car accident is it

724
00:29:00,310 --> 00:28:57,440
more

725
00:29:02,230 --> 00:29:00,320
the image of um

726
00:29:03,909 --> 00:29:02,240
of

727
00:29:05,909 --> 00:29:03,919
gunshots

728
00:29:08,630 --> 00:29:05,919
so and we didn't find any difference

729
00:29:10,870 --> 00:29:08,640
between the category of images

730
00:29:13,110 --> 00:29:10,880
which from our perspective is good

731
00:29:15,750 --> 00:29:13,120
because it means that

732
00:29:18,230 --> 00:29:15,760
there was not a strong bias for example

733
00:29:19,990 --> 00:29:18,240
if we had a strong bias for a heart

734
00:29:21,510 --> 00:29:20,000
attack

735
00:29:24,389 --> 00:29:21,520
then it could have been an indication

736
00:29:27,590 --> 00:29:24,399
well we didn't do our randomization well

737
00:29:29,029 --> 00:29:27,600
enough preparation of image so we had

738
00:29:31,990 --> 00:29:29,039
people could tell

739
00:29:33,990 --> 00:29:32,000
from the facial characteristics that you

740
00:29:36,630 --> 00:29:34,000
know these people were more likely to

741
00:29:39,029 --> 00:29:36,640
have a heart attack in the future

742
00:29:41,510 --> 00:29:39,039
which has been shown the literature

743
00:29:44,310 --> 00:29:41,520
by the way you can if you

744
00:29:46,389 --> 00:29:44,320
if you see pictures of of people you can

745
00:29:47,350 --> 00:29:46,399
say well above chance if you're a smoker

746
00:29:49,029 --> 00:29:47,360
or not

747
00:29:51,430 --> 00:29:49,039
and also

748
00:29:54,310 --> 00:29:51,440
you know if they could die of a heart

749
00:29:56,470 --> 00:29:54,320
attack or not so we did a good job it

750
00:29:59,110 --> 00:29:56,480
doesn't mean that

751
00:30:02,070 --> 00:29:59,120
mediums and controls couldn't look at

752
00:30:04,870 --> 00:30:02,080
the image and try to

753
00:30:06,230 --> 00:30:04,880
use the facial characteristics to guess

754
00:30:07,909 --> 00:30:06,240
you know for example you could say well

755
00:30:09,750 --> 00:30:07,919
the people who died of gunshots were

756
00:30:12,310 --> 00:30:09,760
more impulsive so maybe there's facial

757
00:30:14,230 --> 00:30:12,320
characteristics of impulsiveness and we

758
00:30:16,870 --> 00:30:14,240
can't possibly control with that so we

759
00:30:17,750 --> 00:30:16,880
can't remove any the classical

760
00:30:19,029 --> 00:30:17,760
uh

761
00:30:20,549 --> 00:30:19,039
interpretation

762
00:30:23,510 --> 00:30:20,559
we can just say it's more likely that

763
00:30:25,750 --> 00:30:23,520
this is like this or this is uh this way

764
00:30:28,710 --> 00:30:25,760
same for our previous experiment with

765
00:30:30,710 --> 00:30:28,720
live and deceased uh individual there

766
00:30:33,029 --> 00:30:30,720
might be fish or characteristics that

767
00:30:34,549 --> 00:30:33,039
indicate that you would die younger so

768
00:30:36,630 --> 00:30:34,559
even though all the pictures we took

769
00:30:38,630 --> 00:30:36,640
were from the 1960s

770
00:30:39,669 --> 00:30:38,640
so where people were at the end of high

771
00:30:41,430 --> 00:30:39,679
school

772
00:30:44,470 --> 00:30:41,440
um

773
00:30:46,630 --> 00:30:44,480
and then it was uh 50 years later so

774
00:30:48,070 --> 00:30:46,640
half about half of them were deceased

775
00:30:50,710 --> 00:30:48,080
already

776
00:30:52,630 --> 00:30:50,720
it could be that when you're 20 you have

777
00:30:55,110 --> 00:30:52,640
facial characteristics

778
00:30:58,230 --> 00:30:55,120
that would be predictive of you dying

779
00:30:59,110 --> 00:30:58,240
younger than older

780
00:31:01,029 --> 00:30:59,120
okay

781
00:31:03,430 --> 00:31:01,039
well kind of on the alive and dead test

782
00:31:05,110 --> 00:31:03,440
as compared to the cause of death test

783
00:31:07,990 --> 00:31:05,120
what's your reaction to the thesis that

784
00:31:09,509 --> 00:31:08,000
mediumship inherently sensitizes someone

785
00:31:11,509 --> 00:31:09,519
to the deceased

786
00:31:15,110 --> 00:31:11,519
more so than the cause of death for

787
00:31:16,630 --> 00:31:15,120
someone known to be deceased

788
00:31:19,750 --> 00:31:16,640
yes so the

789
00:31:22,549 --> 00:31:19,760
of of course in our experiment

790
00:31:23,909 --> 00:31:22,559
it was hard to replicate the real

791
00:31:26,149 --> 00:31:23,919
reading

792
00:31:27,750 --> 00:31:26,159
and so you know the human connection

793
00:31:29,269 --> 00:31:27,760
between the medium

794
00:31:31,350 --> 00:31:29,279
and the the

795
00:31:33,029 --> 00:31:31,360
the person who is receiving

796
00:31:35,669 --> 00:31:33,039
the reading it was completely double

797
00:31:37,590 --> 00:31:35,679
blind and we had in the first experiment

798
00:31:40,149 --> 00:31:37,600
we had someone on the other side on the

799
00:31:41,029 --> 00:31:40,159
other side that wanted the reading about

800
00:31:43,909 --> 00:31:41,039
john

801
00:31:44,950 --> 00:31:43,919
but in the second and third experiment

802
00:31:46,870 --> 00:31:44,960
we had

803
00:31:49,669 --> 00:31:46,880
basically no one these were people we

804
00:31:51,909 --> 00:31:49,679
didn't know we were

805
00:31:52,870 --> 00:31:51,919
former police officers

806
00:31:58,950 --> 00:31:52,880
and

807
00:32:01,750 --> 00:31:58,960
this design so i mean even if we had

808
00:32:03,990 --> 00:32:01,760
found no effect whatsoever i don't think

809
00:32:04,870 --> 00:32:04,000
we necessarily invalidate

810
00:32:10,630 --> 00:32:04,880
um

811
00:32:12,549 --> 00:32:10,640
that you know it can't be any effect

812
00:32:14,070 --> 00:32:12,559
okay one last question so if anybody

813
00:32:15,350 --> 00:32:14,080
else has any questions please uh put

814
00:32:17,830 --> 00:32:15,360
them in the chat

815
00:32:20,470 --> 00:32:17,840
uh was just was the displacement effect

816
00:32:23,509 --> 00:32:20,480
considered in the experiment

817
00:32:24,389 --> 00:32:23,519
what's the displacement effect

818
00:32:26,230 --> 00:32:24,399
where

819
00:32:28,070 --> 00:32:26,240
someone when they make a guess it

820
00:32:31,350 --> 00:32:28,080
actually refers to the next target

821
00:32:33,750 --> 00:32:31,360
that's coming up or the previous target

822
00:32:36,230 --> 00:32:33,760
so we haven't tested that

823
00:32:38,230 --> 00:32:36,240
we didn't test that specifically

824
00:32:41,269 --> 00:32:38,240
we've released uh

825
00:32:43,110 --> 00:32:41,279
at least the data from experiment three

826
00:32:45,029 --> 00:32:43,120
on the internet so people can just

827
00:32:46,230 --> 00:32:45,039
download the data

828
00:32:48,149 --> 00:32:46,240
check

829
00:32:49,750 --> 00:32:48,159
for themselves you know whether this

830
00:32:51,110 --> 00:32:49,760
happened or not

831
00:32:55,269 --> 00:32:51,120
yeah it's totally

832
00:32:56,710 --> 00:32:55,279
possible there's effect we we missed

833
00:32:57,750 --> 00:32:56,720
all right does anyone else have a

834
00:33:01,110 --> 00:32:57,760
question

835
00:33:06,950 --> 00:33:03,990
so what's your next step

836
00:33:10,149 --> 00:33:06,960
our next step where right now we're

837
00:33:12,710 --> 00:33:10,159
taking a pause but our next step is much

838
00:33:13,909 --> 00:33:12,720
on puzzle mediumship so

839
00:33:17,110 --> 00:33:13,919
but

840
00:33:20,389 --> 00:33:17,120
one next step is to do massive

841
00:33:22,950 --> 00:33:20,399
online experiment to find tenants

842
00:33:26,470 --> 00:33:22,960
uh instead of focusing on the general

843
00:33:28,710 --> 00:33:26,480
population we want to test talents

844
00:33:31,430 --> 00:33:28,720
and this has been done before

845
00:33:34,230 --> 00:33:31,440
we're just giving it another shot so we

846
00:33:35,830 --> 00:33:34,240
have we have the chance of having this

847
00:33:37,909 --> 00:33:35,840
website

848
00:33:40,070 --> 00:33:37,919
which we inherited from the integral

849
00:33:43,350 --> 00:33:40,080
institute that's for god's eye

850
00:33:46,389 --> 00:33:43,360
that dean has talked about so 300

851
00:33:48,549 --> 00:33:46,399
i think this 300 000 people were on

852
00:33:49,669 --> 00:33:48,559
their website and contributed

853
00:33:52,950 --> 00:33:49,679
uh

854
00:33:54,870 --> 00:33:52,960
you know 250 000 people contribute 300

855
00:33:56,789 --> 00:33:54,880
million trials

856
00:33:58,630 --> 00:33:56,799
so we have this uh

857
00:34:01,190 --> 00:33:58,640
so we're redoing that and we're trying

858
00:34:02,789 --> 00:34:01,200
to find talent in that pool

859
00:34:04,870 --> 00:34:02,799
uh of of

860
00:34:07,269 --> 00:34:04,880
of people so that's that's the goal

861
00:34:08,389 --> 00:34:07,279
right now and one of the tests on the

862
00:34:12,790 --> 00:34:08,399
tenant

863
00:34:15,430 --> 00:34:12,800
uh might be one of uh mediumship

864
00:34:16,629 --> 00:34:15,440
that's great sounds like a great idea

865
00:34:19,589 --> 00:34:16,639
all right if

866
00:34:21,750 --> 00:34:19,599
no one else has any questions

867
00:34:23,589 --> 00:34:21,760
um we can give people back a couple

868
00:34:25,669 --> 00:34:23,599
extra minutes give you back about five

869
00:34:27,430 --> 00:34:25,679
extra minutes here or no

870
00:34:29,510 --> 00:34:27,440
and you have anything else you want to

871
00:34:31,829 --> 00:34:29,520
say brad

872
00:34:34,149 --> 00:34:31,839
um

873
00:34:35,990 --> 00:34:34,159
i mean do we we contacted people you

874
00:34:38,629 --> 00:34:36,000
know if you want to reproduce the

875
00:34:40,629 --> 00:34:38,639
experiments we're totally open with

876
00:34:44,470 --> 00:34:40,639
sharing the pictures

877
00:34:46,149 --> 00:34:44,480
we try to run it online and we ask the

878
00:34:47,909 --> 00:34:46,159
um

879
00:34:50,230 --> 00:34:47,919
the people who are handling the police

880
00:34:51,589 --> 00:34:50,240
databases that would be okay with them

881
00:34:53,190 --> 00:34:51,599
and they said no

882
00:34:55,270 --> 00:34:53,200
so we backed off

883
00:34:57,750 --> 00:34:55,280
but it's fine to

884
00:35:00,710 --> 00:34:57,760
share the pictures for research purposes

885
00:35:03,589 --> 00:35:00,720
so i think if any of you is interested

886
00:35:05,030 --> 00:35:03,599
in running this experiment we can share

887
00:35:06,790 --> 00:35:05,040
our

888
00:35:09,109 --> 00:35:06,800
presentation script

889
00:35:10,230 --> 00:35:09,119
and the image we use so you can run it

890
00:35:13,270 --> 00:35:10,240
in the lab

891
00:35:15,829 --> 00:35:13,280
in your labs and i know that um

892
00:35:18,310 --> 00:35:15,839
chris rowe was interested

893
00:35:20,069 --> 00:35:18,320
yeah i think was interested in in doing

894
00:35:21,349 --> 00:35:20,079
that in the uk

895
00:35:23,430 --> 00:35:21,359
at some point

896
00:35:24,950 --> 00:35:23,440
so if you're interested in that just

897
00:35:26,630 --> 00:35:24,960
let us know and then you don't need the

898
00:35:28,230 --> 00:35:26,640
eeg you can just run it as a

899
00:35:30,230 --> 00:35:28,240
psychophysics

900
00:35:31,990 --> 00:35:30,240
tax you don't have to record the eeg in

901
00:35:33,349 --> 00:35:32,000
this turn

902
00:35:35,589 --> 00:35:33,359
all right we actually just got another

903
00:35:37,910 --> 00:35:35,599
question so were any of the analyses

904
00:35:41,349 --> 00:35:37,920
pre-planned

905
00:35:42,710 --> 00:35:41,359
so they were uh we didn't if what you

906
00:35:45,829 --> 00:35:42,720
mean within

907
00:35:51,750 --> 00:35:49,109
but you know these were bl proposal

908
00:35:55,030 --> 00:35:51,760
so we did in our br proposal we did

909
00:35:56,710 --> 00:35:55,040
indicate how we would process

910
00:35:59,910 --> 00:35:56,720
the data

911
00:36:03,030 --> 00:35:59,920
i think what was left most to open was

912
00:36:04,550 --> 00:36:03,040
the brain the signal analysis

913
00:36:07,190 --> 00:36:04,560
because um

914
00:36:09,190 --> 00:36:07,200
it really depends on the task

915
00:36:11,190 --> 00:36:09,200
in terms of the behavior

916
00:36:13,190 --> 00:36:11,200
is very straightforward or available of

917
00:36:15,349 --> 00:36:13,200
chains or not are they both chains for

918
00:36:18,069 --> 00:36:15,359
each category or medium different

919
00:36:19,430 --> 00:36:18,079
from controls so this was pretty much

920
00:36:22,470 --> 00:36:19,440
pre-planned

921
00:36:25,190 --> 00:36:22,480
the brain analysis was a little bit more

922
00:36:28,310 --> 00:36:25,200
exploratory based on the tools which

923
00:36:30,310 --> 00:36:28,320
were available at the time for running

924
00:36:33,589 --> 00:36:30,320
statistical analysis

925
00:36:36,230 --> 00:36:33,599
so no this wasn't pre-registered